Course title

SCI203

Pre-requisite

K12 middle school Life Science, or equivalent Pre- or co-requisite of Algebra, or equivalent

Course description

SEMESTER ONE
Unit 1: The Science of Biology

Students explore biology as one of the sciences and confront the concepts of scientific methods. After exploring scientific processes as they apply to biology; students examine what "life" means as they investigate the characteristics that all living things share. Students then look at the importance of energy; what kinds of energy are significant when considering living things; and the relationship of structures of living things to their functions.

Semester Introduction
Biology and Scientific Methods
Scientific Processes 1
Scientific Processes 2
Laboratory: Using a Microscope
The Characteristics of Life 1
The Characteristics of Life 2
The Characteristics of Life 3
Energy and Life
Structure and Function

Unit 2: The Chemistry of Life

Students explore the chemical basis for life by examining the most important groups of organic compounds: carbohydrates; proteins; lipids; and nucleic acids. Students then examine water and how it is important for living things. In each case; students focus on the relationship of the molecular structure of compounds to its function in living things.

Chemistry Review
Chemical Bonds
Carbon and Life
Organic Compounds and Trace Elements
Ions in Living Things
Useful Chemicals from Living Things
Water
Laboratory: Investigating Biological Compounds 1
Laboratory: Investigating Biological Compounds 2
Simple Carbohydrates
Complex Carbohydrates
Lipids
Amino Acids and Proteins
Levels of Protein Structure
Proteins as Enzymes
Nucleic Acids
ATP

Unit 3: Cell Biology

Students now are able to begin looking at the structure and function of living things. They begin with an exploration of the cell. They confront the structure of the cell; its membranes and organelles. In particular; they look at the processes by which cells gather and make energy available; focusing on the activities of the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. Students then proceed to look at cellular reproduction and study the processes of meiosis and mitosis.

The Cell and Life
Cell Structure
Cell Organelles
Two Types of Cells
Cell Membrane Structure
Movement Across Membranes
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Laboratory: Determining the Rate of Diffusion 1
Laboratory: Determining the Rate of Diffusion 2
Glycolysis and Fermentation
The Krebs Cycle
The Electron Transport System
Light and Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and Glucose
Chemical Energy and Life
Respiration and Photosynthesis
Laboratory: The Rate of Photosynthesis 1
Laboratory: The Rate of Photosynthesis 2
Reproduction and Development
Mitosis
Laboratory: Observing Mitosis
Cell Differentiation
Cell Specialization
Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis I
Meiosis II

Unit 4: Mendelian Genetics

Students learn about the work of Gregor Mendel as a way of studying modern genetics. They perform genetic crosses and begin to see how traits are inherited. As they examine Mendelian genetics more closely; they see the relationship between inheritance and chromosomes and between genes and alleles. This unit prepares students to go deeper into genetics at the molecular level.

The Work of Gregor Mendel
Mendelian Inheritance
Laboratory: Genetic Crosses 1
Laboratory: Genetic Crosses 2
Pedigrees
Laboratory: Gene Mapping
Chromosomes and Genes
Genes and Alleles
Genetic Variation

Unit 5: Molecular Genetics

The chemical basis for genetics is one of the cornerstones of modern biology. In this unit; students explore the relationship between DNA; RNA; and proteins—and what this has to do with genes and inheritance. After establishing a firm basis in molecular genetics; students are able to understand modern applications of genetics; including biotechnology and genetic engineering.

DNA; RNA; and Proteins
Structure of DNA
Structures of RNA
DNA Replication
Transcription
Laboratory: Modeling DNA
Laboratory: Modeling DNA Replication
DNA Makes RNA
RNA Makes Protein
The Genetic Code

Unit 6: Semester Review and Test

Semester Review
Semester Test

SEMESTER TWO
Unit 1: Gene Expression

In this unit; students explore the process by which the DNA–RNA relationship builds proteins. Then students learn how the process of proteins synthesis is controlled; a process called gene expression. Students then are able to understand modern applications of genetics; including biotechnology and genetic engineering.

Semester Introduction
Proteins Express DNA
How Proteins Work
Gene Expression 1
Gene Expression 2
Biotechnology
Genetic Engineering

Unit 2: Evolution

Evolution is the central organizing principle of biology. Students learn about the concept of evolution and the underlying principles of natural selection. Once they have mastered the fundamental principles; they learn how modern evolution is a science that includes gene changes over time as the underlying mechanism for evolution.

Evolution and Biology
Evolution of Populations
Multiplying Variation in Populations
Types of Natural Selection
History of Evolutionary Thought
Evidence for Evolution 1
Evidence for Evolution 2
Evolution and Earth History
Laboratory: Process of Natural Selection 1
Laboratory: Process of Natural Selection 2
Genetic Basis of Evolution
The Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Geographic Isolation
Genetic Isolation

Unit 3: Survey of Living Things 1

Students learn about the structure and function of living things by examining three representative organisms: a flatworm; a fern; and a human. In doing so; students examine processes such as digestion and respiration—comparing and contrasting how living things obtain food; break down food; eliminate waste; and obtain and use oxygen.

Classification and Taxonomy
Modern Classification
Laboratory: Dichotomous Key
Viruses and Prokaryotes
Protists and Fungi
Animals
Plants
Three Representative Organisms
Getting Energy
Digestion
Digestion in Humans
Laboratory: Human Digestion Actions 1
Waste Removal
Laboratory: Human Digestion Actions 2
Waste Removal in Humans
Obtaining Oxygen
Oxygen and the Human Body

Unit 4: Survey of Living Things 2

Students continue their examination of living things; focusing on three representative organisms. They explore the nervous and muscular systems and see how these systems aid in responding to the organism's environment. Students then examine various aspects of reproduction among living things and finish with a study of defense.

How Organisms Monitor Their Environments
Human Nervous System
Feedback Mechanisms
How Living Things Respond to Their Environments
Muscular Systems
How Muscles Contract
Laboratory: Chicken Muscles 1
Laboratory: Chicken Muscles 2
Fern Reproduction
Flatworm Reproduction
Human Reproduction
How Organisms Defend Themselves
Human Immune Response 1
Human Immune Response 2
Plant Defenses

Unit 5: Ecology and the Environment

As students have moved through this curriculum; they have learned about living things; their structure; and functions. In this unit; they confront organisms in relationship to their environments. Students study living things and the ecosystems in which they live; examining both the biotic and abiotic components of the world in which organisms exist.

Individuals and Populations
Communities
Ecosystems
Ecosystem Stability
Biomes
Biodiversity
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Food Chains and Food Webs
Succession
Laboratory: Patterns of Succession
Changes in Ecosystems
Water and Nitrogen Cycles
Carbon and Oxygen Cycles
Laboratory: Fixation in Root Nodules 1
Laboratory: Fixation in Root Nodules 2
Laboratory: The Effects of Acidity on Seed Germination 1
Natural Resources
Environmental Challenges
Global Temperatures
Pollution
Laboratory: The Effects of Acidity on Seed Germination 2

Unit 6: Semester Review and Test

Semester Review
Semester Test

School Country

United States

School state

Arizona

School city

Phoenix

High school

Arizona Virtual Academy

School Address

99 E Virginia Ave Suite 200

School zip code

85004

Requested competency code

Lab Science

Date submitted

Approved

Yes

Approved competency code

  • LBIO
  • Biology

Approved date

Online / Virtual

Yes